Falla de sutura en cirugía colorrectal. Factores de riesgo y manejo terapéutico

Abstract

Background: Anastomotic leak (AL) is a serious complication of colorectal surgery, determinant of high morbidity and mortality, as well as worse oncological prognosis. The objective of this study is to analyze its relationship with risk factors and describe the therapeutic modalities.
Methods: Retrospective, observational, analytical and multicentric study. Data was retrieved from patients that underwent elective surgery for colorectal neoplastic pathology with primary anastomosis from January 2015 to November 2018.
Results: 112 patients met the inclusion criteria. The anastomotic leak rate was 17% and the mortality was 15%. The tumor size was associated with risk of AL in a statistically significant way.
Discussion: Our results match those observed in the literature, highlighting a high rate of early AL and therefore of re-intervention and divertion.
Conclusions: Management of AL is a therapeutic challenge that must be adjusted to several parameters, the experience of the surgeon being one of the most important.