Resultados en el tratamiento quirúrgico del cáncer de colon por vía laparoscópica. Análisis retrospectivo

Abstract

Backround: Colon tumors represent a prevalent disease and surgery is required for their treatment. The advent of laparoscopic approach has been associated with better postoperative results.
Aim: To compare patients treated for colon cancer using laparoscopic and conventional approach.
Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing surgery for colon tumors in a hospital over a period of 62 months was performed, comparing those who were approached conventionally with those operated by laparoscopy. All the information related to the preoperative data of the patients, characteristics of the technique used,
morbidity and mortality of the procedure and tumor stage were included.
Results: During the period evaluated, 544 surgeries were performed for colorectal pathology, of which 191 met the inclusion criteria: 41 in the conventional group and 150 in the laparoscopic group. There were no differences between groups in terms of age and comorbidities, and the conventional cohort had a higher incidence of previous surgeries. The mean operative time was of 141.28 minutes in the laparo-scopic group (SD = 51.65) and of 176.34 minutes in the conventional group (SD = 85.02).
Morbidity was 53.66% and 28% (p = 0.002), mortality was 4.88% and 0% (p = 0.007), and days of hospitalization were of 13.04 (SD = 10,10) and of 6.95 (SD = 4,444) for the conventional and laparoscopic groups, respectively.
Conclusions: As other series, this group presents significant differences in favor of the laparoscopic approach of patients with colon cancer, with shorter operative time, shorter length of stay and lower morbidity rate.